In Dhu al-Qaʿdah 10 AH the Prophet ﷺ announced that he would perform Hajj, and a vast number of Muslims came to join him. He taught them the rites by his own example, saying that they should take their rites from him.

On the Day of ʿArafah he delivered a sermon to the gathered believers. Its key teachings, as recorded in the hadith collections, include: the sanctity of every Muslim’s life, property and honour; the abolition of the blood feuds and usury of the time of ignorance; kindness to women and the mutual rights of husbands and wives; that no Arab has superiority over a non-Arab, nor a non-Arab over an Arab, except by piety; and that he left them the Book of Allah, which would keep them from going astray if they held fast to it. He asked them, "Have I conveyed the message?" and they said yes, and he said, "O Allah, bear witness."

On that day the verse was revealed: "Today I have perfected your religion for you, completed My favour upon you, and chosen Islam as your religion" (5:3). Some companions understood that the Prophet’s ﷺ mission was nearing its end.

This summary reflects the sermon’s meaning as found in several narrations; it is not a single verbatim text.